ACE031

What Is It?

ACE-031 is a synthetic protein made up of activin receptor type IIB and the immunoglobulin G1-Fc (IgG1-Fc). It binds to myostatin and related proteins within muscle, rendering them inactive. Research shows it to be useful in stabilizing muscle mass and strength in both primary muscle-wasting disorders and neuromuscular conditions.

These cell surface receptors are known as Activin Receptr Type IIB, also known as ActRIIB. ACE-031 is a recombinant fusion protein that is produced when a portion of the ActRIIB receptor and a part of the standard antibody are joined together. This then creates a decoy version of ActRIIB that circulates and eliminates proteins like GDF-8 (also known as myostatin) and other molecules that limit the muscle’s strength or growth.

Biochemistry

When ACE-031 was administered to test subjects, it showed that it helps to promote muscle growth and inhibit signaling from ActRIIB receptors. ACE-031 then binds together with other proteins that use the ActRIIB receptors to signal a limitation to muscle growth. Once bonded with these proteins, ACE-O31 stops communication with the ActRIIB, which then allows muscles to increase in size. Since ACE-031 stops certain proteins from sending signals through the ActRIIB, its effect on lean muscle exceeds those of just myostatin alone.

When used on test subjects, ACE-031 shows growth of lean muscle and increased strength over test subjects that haven’t been treated with the protein. This has been used on healthy test subjects and those with diseases related to muscle wasting and weakness.

For research involving skeletal muscle building, a single dose of ACE-031 was administered to test subjects. In two weeks, over two pounds of muscle was developed in those test subjects. It was also noted that the ACE-031 decreased leptin and increased adiponectin, which altered the biomarkers of fat metabolism and the formation of bone. It also changed resorption due to the decreased CTX and increased BSAP. The side effects of ACE-031 doses of different levels were mild or transient. No serious adverse effects were seen. Some of the adverse effects that were witnessed in test subjects included bleeding from the nose, signs of a headache and reactions at the injection site. The half-life of ACE-031 is 12 days, according to research.

Benefits

ACE-031 has been developed to help treat muscle weakness and deterioration, a symptom of many neuromuscular diseases including muscular dystrophy. ACE-031 works by blocking the action of certain proteins in the body such as myostatin which work as natural 'brakes' to limit muscle growth and size.

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