LIVAGEN

What Is It?

Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) separately and combined with cobalt ions, on the activity of nucleolar organizer regions (NORs) and frequency of associations of acrocentric chromosomes in lymphocytes from patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and their relatives has been studied. It is shown that combined action of Livagen and cobalt ions increases the frequency of large-sized scoring 2 NORs in both, patients and their relatives. Significant was also the influence of the studied compounds on associative activity of acrocsentric chromosomes that was expressed in sharp increase of this indicator in both studied groups. In this case more effective was the action of Livagen and cobalt ions.

Biochemistry

As activity of NOR, also the frequency of associations of acrocentric chromosomes is dependent of quality of acrocentric chromosome stalk condensation, we conclude, that by influence of Livagen and cobalt ions on the lymphocytes of HCM patients and their relatives, occurs decondensation of heterochromatinized chromatin. This may be release condition during condensation of inactivated genes in the studied groups of individuals. Our data are important because it provides new information about protective effect of Livagen and Livagen+Cobalt ions on the lymphocytes of HCM patients and their relatives and may lead to the development of a therapeutic treatment.

Clinical Research

The effect of new peptide bioregulators--Livagen (Lys-Glu-Asp-Ala) and Epitalon (Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly)--on endogenous opioid system was studied, particularly, their ability to change the activity of enkephalin-degrading enzymes from serum and interact with opioid receptors of the brain membrane fraction. Enkephalinase activity was assayed in vitro by the rate of 3H-Leu-enkephalin hydrolysis in the presence of the tested peptides. Livagen and Epitalon inhibited enkephalin-degrading enzymes from human serum. Livagen proved to be more efficient also as compared to well-known peptidase inhibitors such as puromycin, leupeptin, and D-PAM. The dose-inhibitory effect curves for Livagen and Epitalon were plotted; their IC50 equaled 20 and 500 microM, respectively. The interaction between the peptides and opioid receptors was estimated using a radioreceptor method with [3H][D-Ala2, D-Leu5]-enkephalin. No interaction was observed between the tested peptides and mu- or delta-opioid receptors of the membrane fraction from the rat brain.

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